Tonometry
Tonometry measures intraocular pressure using a contact or non-contact method.
Learn moreService options
Corneal pachymetry
Pachymetry measures corneal thickness.
Learn moreOCT
OCT produces cross-sectional images of eye structures without surgery.
Learn moreVisual field testing
Perimetry tests the visual field and helps identify areas of reduced sensitivity.
Learn more
About the service
Glaucoma assessment evaluates eye pressure, the optic nerve and visual fields. The combined findings help confirm the diagnosis, establish the stage and plan follow-up.
Who the service is for
Intraocular pressure
IOP has been elevated at least once or there is a meaningful pressure asymmetry between the eyes.
Optic nerve
The optic disc appears suspicious, with increased cupping, rim thinning or other concerning changes.
Family history of glaucoma
There is a family history of glaucoma, especially together with other risk factors.
Pupil and zonular considerations
High myopia, marked hyperopia, pseudoexfoliation, diabetes, previous eye trauma or surgery increases the need for targeted assessment.
Pupil dilation and eye drops
Steroid medicines have been used for a prolonged period in drops, inhalers, tablets or injections.
Intraocular pressure
Glaucoma is already diagnosed and stability needs to be assessed with visual fields, OCT and IOP measurements.
Anterior chamber angle
There are episodes of pain, halos or blurred vision, particularly when a narrow anterior chamber angle is suspected.
Myopia
Bring previous IOP readings, OCT and visual-field reports, surgical records and a list of all medicines, including eye drops and steroids. Do not stop glaucoma drops before testing unless instructed by your doctor. If you are already under glaucoma follow-up, older tests are valuable for progression analysis.
Hyperopia
Tell the physician about family history, previous eye trauma or surgery, high myopia or hyperopia , diabetes and long-term corticosteroid use.
When urgent care is needed
Severe eye pain, marked redness, sudden blurred vision, coloured halos, headache, nausea or vomiting can be signs of acute angle closure and require urgent ophthalmic assessment rather than a routine appointment. A normal single IOP reading does not exclude glaucoma, and elevated IOP alone is not the same as a glaucoma diagnosis.
Limitations and safety
Severe eye pain, marked redness, sudden blurred vision, coloured halos, headache, nausea or vomiting can be signs of acute angle closure and require urgent ophthalmic assessment rather than a routine appointment. A normal single IOP reading does not exclude glaucoma, and elevated IOP alone is not the same as a glaucoma diagnosis.
Book an eye examination
Stages
Stage 1
History and risk assessment
Family history, medicines, surgery, injuries, refraction and associated conditions.
Stage 2
Visual acuity testing and biomicroscopy
Basic vision and anterior-segment assessment.
Stage 3
Tonometry
Pressure is measured by the selected method; repeat or diurnal measurements are arranged when needed.
Stage 4
Pachymetry
Corneal thickness is considered when interpreting pressure and risk.
Stage 5
Gonioscopy
The doctor assesses the anterior-chamber angle before establishing the glaucoma mechanism.
Stage 6
Optic nerve assessment
Lens-assisted biomicroscopy, photography or HRT when indicated.
Stage 7
OCT of RNFL/GCC and optic disc
Nerve fibre structure and comparison with the normative database are assessed, considering artefacts.
Stage 8
Visual field testing
Visual-field function and defects are assessed; doubtful results require repeat testing.
Stage 9
Conclusion
Glaucoma, suspected glaucoma, ocular hypertension or another diagnosis; treatment needs and follow-up are determined.
Service benefits
Assessing risk before obvious symptoms
Comprehensive assessment can detect suspicious changes before a person notices deterioration.
Objective pressure measurement
Tonometry provides an intraocular-pressure reading for diagnosis and follow-up.
Assessing the optic nerve
Imaging helps identify structural changes relevant to glaucoma diagnosis.
Checking the visual field
Perimetry shows how a person detects objects in central and peripheral vision.
Methods comparison · 1
Criterion
Tonometry
Pachymetry
Gonioscopy
RNFL/GCC OCT
Main question
What is the IOP?
What is the corneal thickness?
Is the angle open and what is the mechanism?
Is there structural neural loss?
Diagnostic role
Important but insufficient alone
Refines pressure/risk interpretation
Essential for angle classification
Key objective structural assessment
Most useful
Ocular hypertension and treatment follow-up
Unusually thin or thick cornea
Any glaucoma suspicion, especially narrow angles
Early glaucoma and progression monitoring
Limitation
A normal single value does not exclude glaucoma
No universal formula reliably “corrects” IOP
Requires contact gonioscopy and expertise
High myopia, segmentation and imaging artefacts can mislead
Tonometry
Main question
Diagnostic role
Most useful
Limitation
What is the IOP?
Important but insufficient alone
Ocular hypertension and treatment follow-up
A normal single value does not exclude glaucoma
What is the corneal thickness?
Refines pressure/risk interpretation
Unusually thin or thick cornea
No universal formula reliably “corrects” IOP
Is the angle open and what is the mechanism?
Essential for angle classification
Any glaucoma suspicion, especially narrow angles
Requires contact gonioscopy and expertise
Is there structural neural loss?
Key objective structural assessment
Early glaucoma and progression monitoring
High myopia, segmentation and imaging artefacts can mislead
Methods comparison · 2
Criterion
Automated perimetry
Optic-disc photo
HRT
UBM / anterior-segment OCT
Assesses
Visual-field function
Disc appearance
Disc topography
Anterior-segment/angle anatomy
Strength
Functional staging and progression
Visual documentation over time
Additional quantitative disc analysis
Useful in complex anatomy and a closed angle
Limitation
Learning effect and test variability
Does not measure field function
Does not replace clinical/OCT/field integration
Not required for every patient
Typical role
Core functional test
Adjunct to examination
Adjunctive method
By indication
Automated perimetry
Assesses
Strength
Limitation
Typical role
Visual-field function
Functional staging and progression
Learning effect and test variability
Core functional test
Disc appearance
Visual documentation over time
Does not measure field function
Adjunct to examination
Disc topography
Additional quantitative disc analysis
Does not replace clinical/OCT/field integration
Adjunctive method
Anterior-segment/angle anatomy
Useful in complex anatomy and a closed angle
Not required for every patient
By indication
Book an appointment
If IOP has been elevated, the optic nerve looks suspicious, there is a family history of glaucoma or you already require glaucoma follow-up. The physician will select the appropriate tests and interpret pressure, optic nerve structure and visual-field function together.
Procedure prices
Service name
Price
Contact IOP measurement (per eye)
from 800 ₸
Non-contact tonometry (per eye)
from 900 ₸
Tonography (per eye)
from 1 000 ₸
Tolerable IOP assessment (per eye)
from 5 200 ₸
Gonioscopy (per eye)
from 3 400 ₸
Static computerized perimetry (per eye)
from 2 800 ₸
Cirrus-HD optic nerve head (per eye)
from 5 200 ₸
Spectralis retinal nerve fibre layer (per eye)
from 2 600 ₸
HRT glaucoma module (per test)
from 13 000 ₸
Fundus photography (per eye)
from 4 500 ₸
Spectralis anterior-segment pachymetry
Cost determined after consultation
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (per eye)
from 8 000 ₸
Our doctors
A team of experienced doctors across specialties.
Experience: 25 years
Head
Aubakirova Alua Sauytbekovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences; Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 27 years
Head
Tleubaeva Gulmira Bakhytovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences; Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 26 years
Ophthalmologist
Tuletova Aygerim Serikbaevna
Candidate of Medical Sciences; Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 45 years
Ophthalmologist
Zhumataeva Svetlana Zeykenovna
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 13 years
Ophthalmologist
Kalshabekov Alibi Sembaevich
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 12 years
Ophthalmologist
Kasymbekova Meruert Turlybekovna
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 45 years
Ophthalmologist
Muraveva Lyubov Anatolevna
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 19 years
Pediatric and Adult Ophthalmologist
Razdykova Dina Atabekovna
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 49 years
Ophthalmologist, Laser Treatment Unit
Silkin Vasiliy Pavlovich
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Experience: 12 years
Ophthalmologist
Tadzhimetov Murat Mikhaylovich
Highest-category ophthalmologist
Glaucoma diagnosis: examinations and interpretation of findings
Glaucoma is diagnosed using a combination of structural and functional findings. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important risk factor, but it is not a requirement for the disease.
In normal-tension glaucoma, optic nerve damage may progress at IOP levels that do not appear elevated during a single measurement.
Elevated pressure without characteristic optic nerve damage or visual field loss may indicate ocular hypertension.
What does the assessment include?
- Intraocular pressure measurement.
- Corneal thickness assessment.
- Gonioscopy to determine the anterior chamber angle type.
- Optic disc examination.
- OCT of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC).
- Static computerized perimetry.
When are additional tests needed?
When necessary, additional testing may include repeated pressure measurements, tonography, Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT), optic disc photography, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), or anterior segment OCT.
Why is monitoring over time important?
Comparing findings over time is particularly important for establishing the diagnosis and assessing progression. A single test should not be interpreted in isolation from the other examination findings.
Repeat assessment and examinations before glaucoma treatment
Repeat assessment
Repeat assessment is needed to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate disease progression.
The frequency of monitoring depends on the glaucoma stage, risk level, stability of intraocular pressure (IOP), and the rate of change in visual field and OCT findings.
When angle-closure glaucoma is suspected, gonioscopy and anterior segment imaging are particularly important. In high myopia, OCT findings require especially cautious interpretation.
Assessment before treatment
The “Glaucoma Diagnostics” package: individual tests do not automatically constitute a complete diagnostic package.
Глаукома кезінде тексеру нәтижелерін салыстыру неліктен маңызды?
Глаукома ұзақ уақыт бойы айқын шағымдар туғызбауы мүмкін. Сондықтан диагностиканың мақсаты — көру өрісі едәуір тарылғанға дейін зақымдануды анықтау және кейінгі салыстыру үшін бастапқы көрсеткіштерді тіркеу.
ОКТ және периметрия нәтижелерін не үшін сақтау керек?
Пациентке әр кезеңдегі ОКТ және периметрия нәтижелерін сақтаған пайдалы. Зерттеулердің салыстыруға келуі дәрігерге аурудың шынайы үдеуін тест нәтижелерінің құбылмалылығынан ажыратуға көмектеседі.
Нәтижелердің сәйкес келмеуі нені білдіреді?
Жекелеген зерттеулердің нәтижелері сәйкес келмесе, бұл тестілердің бірі «дұрыс емес» дегенді білдірмейді.
Ерте кезеңдерде ОКТ-дағы құрылымдық өзгерістер көру өрісінің ақауларынан бұрын пайда болуы мүмкін. Ал басқа жағдайларда функционалдық өзгерістер айқынырақ байқалады.
Шешімді офтальмолог кешенді бағалаудан кейін қабылдайды.
Facts and offers
Kazakhstan’s first specialized ophthalmology institute, operating since 1933.
Modern diagnostics and surgery using world-class equipment.
Leading ophthalmologists in Kazakhstan, scientists and experienced surgeons.
More than 30,000 operations and around 270,000 consultations annually.
Kazakhstan’s first specialized ophthalmology institute, operating since 1933.
Modern diagnostics and surgery using world-class equipment.
Leading ophthalmologists in Kazakhstan, scientists and experienced surgeons.
More than 30,000 operations and around 270,000 consultations annually.
Kazakhstan’s first specialized ophthalmology institute, operating since 1933.
Modern diagnostics and surgery using world-class equipment.
Leading ophthalmologists in Kazakhstan, scientists and experienced surgeons.
More than 30,000 operations and around 270,000 consultations annually.
Related services
Frequently asked questions
Can glaucoma be diagnosed from intraocular pressure alone?
No. Intraocular pressure is important, but it cannot by itself confirm or exclude glaucoma. Diagnosis also requires assessment of the optic nerve, retinal nerve fibre layer, visual field, anterior-chamber angle and other findings.
If my intraocular pressure is normal, does that rule out glaucoma?
No. Glaucomatous optic-nerve damage can develop even when IOP is within the statistically normal range. A single normal pressure measurement does not exclude glaucoma.
Does raised intraocular pressure always mean glaucoma?
No. Elevated IOP without characteristic optic-nerve or visual-field damage may represent ocular hypertension. The risk of developing glaucoma is assessed individually.
Why is pachymetry used in glaucoma assessment?
Pachymetry measures central corneal thickness. This influences interpretation of tonometry and contributes to glaucoma risk assessment. There is no universally accurate formula that simply recalculates IOP from corneal thickness.
What does gonioscopy show?
Gonioscopy directly examines the anterior-chamber angle and determines whether it is open, narrow or closed. It can also reveal peripheral anterior synechiae, pigmentation, neovascularization and other findings relevant to the mechanism of glaucoma.
Is gonioscopy important when glaucoma is suspected?
Yes. It is a key clinical method for classifying the anterior-chamber angle and distinguishing open-angle, angle-closure and some secondary glaucoma mechanisms.
What does OCT show in glaucoma?
OCT provides quantitative assessment of the optic-nerve head, retinal nerve fibre layer and macular ganglion-cell complex. It helps detect structural damage and monitor change over time.
Can OCT be misleading in glaucoma?
Yes. High myopia, unusual optic-disc anatomy, peripapillary changes, poor scan quality and segmentation errors can generate false-positive or false-negative results. OCT must be interpreted in clinical context.
Why is automated perimetry needed?
Perimetry assesses visual-field function and can detect characteristic glaucomatous defects. Early defects may not be noticed by the patient, making visual-field testing important for both diagnosis and monitoring progression.
Does a visual-field test sometimes need to be repeated?
Yes. Perimetry depends on patient performance and has test-retest variability and a learning effect. A new, unusual or unreliable defect may need confirmation with repeat testing.